Fig. 4: Summary of multi-group structural equation models (SEMs) showing direct and indirect effects of climate, soil properties, and microbial community composition on multifunctionality.
From: The soil microbiome as an indicator of ecosystem multifunctionality in European soils
Multi-group SEMs were built for land use categories (A), climatic regions (B), soil types (C), and pH classes (D). For each SEM, colors (red, green, blue) indicate soil grouping categories. Numbers adjacent to arrows indicate standardized path coefficients across all variables in each category. Predictor variables included in each box and a priori model are available in Figure S3. Model fit parameters are indicated as chi-squared (X2), degrees of freedom (d.f.), p value of two-sided test (P), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA). Full details including individual path coefficients are available in Supplementary Dataset 2.
