Table 2 Experimental results of evaluation across different flight phases

Cruise

FlightBERT++

1

0.0015

0.0015

0.02

0.0014

0.0059

0.0028

0.0051

0.0127

0.19

0.15

3

0.0028

0.0027

0.05

0.0026

0.0102

0.0056

0.0077

0.0144

0.45

0.25

9

0.0063

0.0059

0.14

0.0058

0.0226

0.0155

0.0153

0.0214

2.03

0.56

15

0.0094

0.0088

0.21

0.0087

0.0335

0.0214

0.0215

0.0281

4.84

0.84

WTFTP+

1

0.0012

0.0012

0.32

0.0011

0.0046

0.0349

0.0035

0.0078

0.48

0.11

3

0.0022

0.0021

0.53

0.0020

0.0081

0.0575

0.0056

0.0107

0.93

0.19

9

0.0055

0.0052

1.48

0.0051

0.0195

0.1603

0.0140

0.0170

3.78

0.48

15

0.0098

0.0088

2.84

0.0091

0.0332

0.3078

0.0252

0.0248

7.85

0.83

Takeoff/Climb

FlightBERT++

1

0.0028

0.0027

5.43

0.0026

0.0100

1.22

0.0044

0.0045

7.59

0.26

3

0.0056

0.0057

10.52

0.0053

0.0208

2.19

0.0093

0.0101

15.34

0.53

9

0.0129

0.0141

22.76

0.0123

0.0516

4.10

0.0212

0.0254

33.49

1.26

15

0.0194

0.0203

32.74

0.0183

0.0745

5.27

0.0331

0.0347

47.02

1.83

WTFTP+

1

0.0019

0.0021

3.31

0.0018

0.0074

0.68

0.0029

0.0032

4.69

0.18

3

0.0040

0.0043

6.29

0.0038

0.0154

1.22

0.0068

0.0075

9.29

0.37

9

0.0111

0.0124

13.39

0.0105

0.0449

2.23

0.0215

0.0249

19.54

1.05

15

0.0193

0.0214

19.79

0.0182

0.0778

2.94

0.0379

0.0450

29.09

1.83

Approach/Descent

FlightBERT++

1

0.0016

0.0026

2.79

0.0015

0.0093

0.57

0.0032

0.0056

4.60

0.21

3

0.0033

0.0048

5.43

0.0032

0.0171

1.13

0.0071

0.0104

9.04

0.39

9

0.0104

0.0110

15.03

0.0098

0.0389

3.36

0.0249

0.0226

23.94

0.99

15

0.0170

0.0165

24.11

0.0161

0.0578

6.04

0.0395

0.0313

36.87

1.52

WTFTP+

1

0.0013

0.0013

1.90

0.0012

0.0046

0.40

0.0023

0.0022

2.95

0.12

3

0.0028

0.0027

3.89

0.0026

0.0093

0.85

0.0059

0.0050

6.51

0.24

9

0.0094

0.0075

11.07

0.0089

0.0260

2.59

0.0218

0.0143

17.61

0.75

15

0.0176

0.0130

17.68

0.0167

0.0450

4.59

0.0364

0.0236

26.83

1.34