Table 3 Prediction performance of the WTFTP+ framework with different levels of wavelet

From: Multi-horizon flight trajectory prediction enabled by time-frequency wavelet transform

Levels

Horizon

MAE↓

MAPE(%)↓

RMSE↓

MDE↓

  

Lon

Lat

Alt

Lon

Lat

Alt

Lon

Lat

Alt

 

1

1

0.0015

0.0015

1.09

0.0014

0.0055

0.18

0.0035

0.0080

6.39

0.14

 

3

0.0028

0.0027

2.24

0.0026

0.0101

0.37

0.0064

0.0123

7.49

0.25

 

9

0.0074

0.0072

6.06

0.0069

0.0265

0.96

0.0183

0.0245

14.32

0.65

 

15

0.0132

0.0124

9.77

0.0123

0.0459

1.51

0.0320

0.0362

20.79

1.14

2

1

0.0014

0.0014

1.01

0.0013

0.0052

0.17

0.0033

0.0077

6.81

0.12

 

3

0.0027

0.0026

2.17

0.0025

0.0098

0.36

0.0061

0.0114

7.62

0.24

 

9

0.0071

0.0069

5.97

0.0066

0.0256

0.94

0.0174

0.0214

14.21

0.63

 

15

0.0127

0.0120

9.59

0.0119

0.0446

1.48

0.0306

0.0326

20.56

1.11

3

1

0.0014

0.0014

1.05

0.0013

0.0052

0.17

0.0032

0.0074

6.84

0.12

 

3

0.0026

0.0026

2.19

0.0025

0.0098

0.36

0.0059

0.0108

7.56

0.24

 

9

0.0070

0.0068

5.87

0.0065

0.0253

0.93

0.0169

0.0205

14.19

0.62

 

15

0.0125

0.0119

9.53

0.0116

0.0440

1.48

0.0300

0.0318

20.58

1.09

4

1

0.0014

0.0014

1.07

0.0013

0.0051

0.17

0.0033

0.0075

7.28

0.12

 

3

0.0026

0.0026

2.18

0.0024

0.0095

0.36

0.0059

0.0108

7.87

0.23

 

9

0.0069

0.0067

5.81

0.0064

0.0247

0.92

0.0165

0.0202

14.35

0.60

 

15

0.0122

0.0115

9.24

0.0114

0.0427

1.44

0.0294

0.0312

20.59

1.06

  1. The symbol definitions are consistent with Table 1.
  2. The bold values denote the best performance on the corresponding metric.