Fig. 1: Moderate transcriptional differences between IVO- and IVF-derived embryos except at late 2-cell stage.

a A schematic representation summarizing the multi-omics data we generated in this study to investigate the differences between IVF- and IVO-conceived embryos. Illustration was created in BioRender. Zhang, C. (https://biorender.com/3l307ne). b PCA on transcription data from PN5 to morula (n = 3 biological replicates for each condition). c Heatmaps showing the dynamics of gene transcription from PN5 to morula following IVF or IVO. d Quantitative correlation analysis of each gene in (c). The number of genes from cluster 1 to cluster 10 is 1229, 1575, 2307, 2144, 1470, 1644, 1747, 1272, 2773 and 1544, respectively. The line inside of each box is the sample median and the top and bottom edges of each box are the 0.75 and 0.25 quartiles, respectively. The distance between the top and bottom edges is the interquartile range (IQR). The whiskers are lines that extend above and below each box within 1.5 times the IQR and outliers are values that are more than 1.5 times the IQR away from the top or bottom of the box. e The number of DEGs (differentially expressed genes) identified based on the comparison of IVF- and IVO-conceived embryos at each stage. f, g Heatmap (f) and boxplot (g) exhibiting the expression variation of genes within group 2 during ZGA process. T-test (both-tail) was performed. The line inside of each box is the sample median and the top and bottom edges of each box are the 0.75 and 0.25 quartiles, respectively. The distance between the top and bottom edges is the interquartile range (IQR). The whiskers are lines that extend above and below each box within 1.5 times the IQR and outliers are values that are more than 1.5 times the IQR away from the top or bottom of the box. N = 562.