Fig. 2: ngRNAs are predominantly localized in sexual organs of adults and eggs.
From: Non-parasite genome encoded virus-like RNAs reprogram the pathogenicity of human blood flukes
a Expression profiles of four ngRNAs in different stages of schistosomes. Data represent average results derived from three independent experiments with standard deviation calculated from three biological replicates. Each data point represents an individual experiment. b In situ hybridization analyses of the localization of four ngRNAs. An irrelevant RNA probe was used as a control. The number in left lower corner of each picture indicated the number of parasites with similar staining. Scale Bars indicate a length of 50 μm. c RT-qPCR analysis of the abundance of these four ngRNAs in S. japonicum ovaries and testes. Total RNAs isolated from adult females (AF), adult males (AM), ovaries and testes were equalized in RNA amount before reverse transcription. qPCR was performed to determine RNA abundance. Data illustrate representative results and show the mean and standard deviation from three biological replicates. Each data point represents an individual experiment. Statistical significance between two groups (AM vs. Testis and AF vs. Ovary) was determined using an unpaired, two-sided Student’s t-test. d Schematic diagram showing scRNA-seq analyses of cell populations containing rp1/2 and np1/2 in S. japonicum. The image was Created in BioRender (Cheng, G. (2025); https://BioRender.com/rt8qooa). e UMAP plots of the expression profiles of rp1/2 and np1/2 in different cell clusters of adult S. japonicum. f Proportions of different cell clusters expressing rp1/2 and np1/2 in AM and AF. Source data are provided as a Source data file.
