Fig. 3: Any NDD and ADHD risk score trajectories at each timepoint from pregnancy to child age 10. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Any NDD and ADHD risk score trajectories at each timepoint from pregnancy to child age 10.

From: Longitudinal metabolome profiling from pregnancy through childhood and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders at age 10

Fig. 3: Any NDD and ADHD risk score trajectories at each timepoint from pregnancy to child age 10.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Risk scores from 6 months to 10 years were predicted based on a full model trained on the maternal week 24 metabolome. Sample sizes were N = 579 at one week postpartum, and N = 520, 535, 477, and 520 at 6 months, 18 months, 6 years, and 10 years, respectively. As the prediction model was built based on week 24 metabolome, risk scores for the week 24 metabolome were calculated using the scores predicted on the testing set (n = 116 samples) using the outfold of nested five-fold CV (cross-validation). Smoothed loess curves were used to depict trends over time. The Y axis represents the mean score difference between the NDD and ADHD risk scores calculated as: mean risk score (any NDD/ADHD = Yes)-mean risk score (any NDD/ADHD =  No). The mean difference between any NDD and ADHD risk scores for individuals diagnosed with any NDD and ADHD and those without the diagnoses was calculated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, with a confidence level set at 95%. Two-sided P < 0.05 was considered significant. ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Any NDD any neurodevelopmental disorders. Source data are provided as a Source data file.

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