Fig. 5: Separation performance of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Separation performance of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes.

From: Self-assembled lyotropic liquid crystal interlayer regulated interfacial polymerization for modulating structure and performance of nanofiltration membranes

Fig. 5

a Water permeance and Na2SO4 rejection of TFN0%LLC, TFN2%LLC, and TFN20%LLC membranes. b Normalized water flux during fouling-rinsing cycles tests of TFN membranes with a feed solution containing 50 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM CaCl2, and 50 mg/L sodium alginate. c, d Rejection of different cations and their selectivity (Na+/Ca2+, Li+/Mg2+) for different TFN membranes. e Comparison of the separation performance of TFN20%LLC membrane (red pentagram) with other reported membranes. The black dashed line represents the observed trade-off between water permeability and Na2SO4 rejection. The error bars represent the standard deviation of data from three replicate measurements.

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