Fig. 5: Ex situ physicochemical characterizations of the cycled SF-NaMN and NaMN cathodes. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Ex situ physicochemical characterizations of the cycled SF-NaMN and NaMN cathodes.

From: Decoupling slab gliding and lattice contraction in Na layered oxides to enable high-voltage Na-ion batteries

Fig. 5

a, b STEM-HAADF images of SF-NaMN stopped at 2.4 V after 30 cycles at 0.2 C, line profiles corresponding to the red line in Fig. 5b. c The GPA analysis of SF-NaMN from (a). d, e STEM-HAADF images of NaMN stopped at 2.4 V after 30 cycles at 0.2 C, line profiles corresponding to the blue line in Fig. 5e. f The GPA analysis of NaMN from (d). g–j TOF-SIMS profiles and 3D visualization of architecture evolution of SF-NaMN and NaMN stopped at 2.4 V after 30 cycles at 0.2 C. The normalization methodology applied to fig g–i is min-max normalization, feature scaling to the [0,1] range. k Scheme of TM migration and dissolution, and CEI formation on the SF-NaMN and NaMN cathode electrodes.

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