Fig. 3: Flavonoids promote vitamin accumulation in fruits of Micro-Tom tomato through Lysobacter enrichment.

A Phylogenetic tree of culturable bacterial isolates from flavonoid-treated rhizosphere soils based on the neighbour-joining method. Six key bacteria are marked with an asterisk (*). B Growth of tomato plants treated with cell suspensions of key bacteria. C–F Vitamin contents in fruit samples treated with bacterial cell suspensions. Tops and bottoms of boxes represent 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. Horizontal bars within boxes denote medians, and the upper and lower whiskers represent the range of non-outlier data values. Different letters above the error bars indicate significant differences between treatments. All plots are mean ± SEM (n = 3 biological replicates, one-way ANOVA with correction by Tukey’s HSD test, P < 0.05). G Vitamin contents in fruit samples of tomato plants grown in geographically distant soils that had been sterilised and treated with L. soli P18 cell suspensions. (n = 5 biological replicates, one-way ANOVA with correction by Tukey’s HSD test, P < 0.05). The map of China is sourced from the National Platform for Common GeoSpatial Information Services (https://www.tianditu.gov.cn/). SO represents SlMYB12 overexpression, SCon represents sterile 1× phosphate-buffered saline (control) and SP18–SP66 represent cell suspensions of key bacterial strains diluted with 1× phosphate-buffered saline. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.