Fig. 3: Synthesis and characterization of Ce-Co TCPP.

a Schematic diagram for the preparation of 2D Ce-Co TCPP nanosheets and lamellar membrane. b SEM image of Ce TCPP nanosheets (inset: photograph of the Ce TCPP nanosheet suspension). c SEM image of Ce-Co TCPP nanosheets (inset: photograph of the Ce-Co TCPP nanosheet suspension). d AFM image, e HR-TEM image, f HADDF-STEM image, and g EDX elemental mapping images of Ce-Co TCPP nanosheets. h XANES (inset: magnification of local areas) and i Fourier-transformed extended X-ray absorption fine structure (FT-EXAFS) spectra of Co in R-space for Ce-Co TCPP, Al-Co TCPP, and references. j Wavelet-transformed (WT)-EXAFS plots of Co K-edge for different samples. k Corresponding FT-EXAFS fitting of Co K-edge in R-space of Ce-Co TCPP (inset: theoretical model structure). Blue, brown, red, white, gray, and yellow-green spheres represent Co, C, O, H, N, and Ce atoms, respectively. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.