Fig. 6: Structural characterization and evaluation of Fenton-like performance of two-dimensional (2D) lamellar Ce-Co membrane.

a SEM image of the surface of the Ce-Co TCPP membrane (MEM). (inset: photograph of the Ce-Co TCPP MEM). b SEM image of the cross-section of the Ce-Co TCPP MEM. (inset: local magnification). c Water permeance and RNTD removal efficiency of the Ce-Co TCPP membrane/PMS system at different catalyst loadings. d RNTD removal efficiency by various treatment systems. e Correlation between RNTD removal efficiency and retention time (inset: pseudo-first-order kinetic model fitting of RNTD degradation in the Ce-Co TCPP MEM/PMS system). f Comparison of pseudo-first-order rate constants for RNTD removal by different Fenton-like systems (Details are shown in Table S7, and reference numbers herein represent the references listed in Table S7). g RNTD removal performance of the Ce-Co membrane/PMS system under different treatment conditions. h Selective removal of various pollutants by the Ce-Co TCPP MEM/PMS system. i Long-term stability of water permeance and removal efficiency under continuous operation. Conditions for all membrane tests: [Ranitidine] or [Other pollutants] = 5 mg/L; [PMS] = 0.2 mM; pH = 4.3; [Anions] = 10 mM; Pressure = 1 bar; Temperature = 298.15 K. Data are presented as mean values, and error bars represent the standard deviation calculated from three independent measurements (n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.