Fig. 1: Identification of Thyroglobulin-like (TG-like) proteins in ascidian through immunoprecipitation and phylogenetic analysis.

a Transverse section of endostyle of adult S. clava labeled by antibody of Bos taurus TG protein (magenta) and DAPI (blue). Scale bars = 100 μm. The experiment was independently repeated three times with similar results. b Transverse section of endostyle of adult S. clava, refer to Hiruta et al.27. The zones are labeled in gray (zone 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9) and blue (zone 2, 4, 6, and 8). c “Intensity of protein” represents the relative abundance of each protein among all immunolabeled proteins of Anti-BtTG. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. d Phylogenetic analysis of TG proteins in vertebrates (in red box), the ascidian S. clava Tg1-domain-containing proteins in (c), the Tg1 domain-containing proteins in Homo sapiens, and the predicted TG-like protein in published literature5. Bootstrap values greater than 30 are indicated in the nodes of the phylogenetic tree. The blue dots label the closest relative of vertebrate TG proteins among ascidian S. clava Tg1-domain-containing proteins in (c). e Domain distributions of H. sapiens TG (HsTG), Sc.CG.S284.31 and Sc.CG.S55.56 proteins. Signal peptide is indicated in gray, Tg1 domains in blue, Tg2 in yellow, Tg3 in green, and ChEL in pink.