Fig. 4: Identification of hydrogenation way for NO3-RR on Ru/WO3-x. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Identification of hydrogenation way for NO3-RR on Ru/WO3-x.

From: Reverse hydrogen spillover accelerates electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia on Ru/WO3-x in acidic media

Fig. 4: Identification of hydrogenation way for NO3-RR on Ru/WO3-x.

a CV curves with 80% iR correction. b Simulated LSV curves for proton desorption. c Calculated H spillover ratio and the corresponding NO3-RR polarization curve without iR correction. d In situ W L3-edge XANES and (e) EXAFS spectra in 1 M H2SO4 with and without 0.1 M KNO3 (The presented potentials are not iR-corrected). f Transition state comparison for simulated H transfer pathways from adjacent Ru-*H or interfacial WO3-*H to interfacial Ru-*NO; insets show the initial, transition, and final state models. g 2H isotope-labeled DEMS spectra. h AIMD simulated distance between the N or O site of the interfacial Ru-*NHO model and protons from the electrolyte; insets show the initial and final state models. Source data for Fig. 4 are provided as a Source Data file.

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