Fig. 1: The treatment strategy targeting CAFs to ameliorate the immune TME of CRC.

a Schematic illustration of the antitumor process of NPs through inducing the ferroptosis of CAFs and remodeling the CAFs-related immune TME. b Individuals in the GSE17538 cohort are stratified into low and high CAF groups based on MCP-counter derived CAF abundance by the optimal cutoff value. Box plots depict the median (centre line), interquartile range (25th-75th percentiles; box), and 1.5 × interquartile range (whiskers). For the low group: min = 7.682, Q1 = 8.675, median = 8.873, Q3 = 9.165, max = 9.414 (n = 134 patients); for the high group: min = 9.424, Q1 = 9.547, median = 9.673, Q3 = 9.826, max = 10.854 (n = 98 patients). Statistical significance is assessed using a two-sided Mann-Whitney U test. c Kaplan-Meier curves of 232 colon cancer patients from the GSE17538 cohort stratified by CAF abundance assessed using the MCP-counter method. Tick marks indicate censored events. P values are calculated using a two-sided log-rank test, and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals are estimated using univariate Cox proportional hazards regression. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.