Fig. 6: Nanomechanical properties of the functional layers.

SEM images of the residual indentation on the 2PACz (a) and active layer (b) films after nanoindentation tests. c Representative force-displacement curves obtained from the nanoindentation tests. PFQNM images of the TA-processed active layer film: DMT modulus (d), adhesion force (e), and stiffness (f). PFQNM images of the VIC-processed active layer film: DMT modulus (g), adhesion force (h), and stiffness (i).