Fig. 2: Processing from Raw to Decoded Images.

Initial (i) and Final (ii) frames taken of the atomic disordering shown at different stages of decoding. a The raw experimental image data before any processing. b Pre-processing of the experimental data was performed by first denoising the data and then using a gaussian filter. c Post DCNN decoded image error variance between of identified atomic sites. d The decoded results of the ELIT workflow are plotted over the gaussian-filtered experimental frame. As seen, there are several sites that are labeled incorrectly, resulting in clusters of atoms that are not realistic. e The results of the nearest neighbor filter with the redundant points and incorrect labeling removed from the frame. Every frame shown has the same field of view of 2.56 × 2.56 nm.