Fig. 2: Magnetism of Lieb lattices.

a Three magnetic configurations were adopted to determine the magnetic ground states of MIFs, with the spin-up and spin-down indicated by red and blue balls, respectively. b Spin density distributions of WO2 (FM), MoF2 (AFM-Néel), and OsF2 (AFM-stripe), respectively, with isosurface values of 0.02 electron/bohr3. c The simulated specific heat capacity and average magnetization per site as a function of temperature for the HfCl2 Lieb lattice based on Monte Carlo simulations. d The estimated critical temperature of magnetic MIFs. The room temperature is marked by a dashed line.