Table 2 Cross-sectional association between PEF / predicted PEF % and sensory impairments in 2011.

From: The association between lung function and sensory impairments among chinese middle-aged and older adults: a longitudinal cohort study from CHARLS

 

Quartile 1

Quartile 2

 

Quartile 3

 

Quartile 4

   
 

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

 

P for trend

VI

PEF

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.992 (0.846, 1.163)

0.920

0.796 (0.682, 0.929)

0.004*

0.548 (0.473, 0.636)

<0.001*

0.812 (0.774, 0.852)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

1.100 (0.935, 1.295)

0.251

0.964 (0.820, 1.134)

0.657

0.754 (0.635, 0.894)

0.001*

0.906 (0.857, 0.958)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

1.102 (0.935, 1.300)

0.246

0.947 (0.804, 1.115)

0.510

0.726 (0.612, 0.862)

<0.001*

0.894 (0.846, 0.945)

<0.001*

PEF % predicted

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.947 (0.806, 1.112)

0.505

0.757 (0.648, 0.886)

<0.001*

0.512 (0.440, 0.595)

<0.001*

0.794 (0.757, 0.834)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

0.962 (0.815, 1.135)

0.646

0.829 (0.703, 0.979)

0.027*

0.568 (0.480, 0.673)

<0.001*

0.831 (0.787, 0.878)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

0.929 (0.786, 1.098)

0.390

0.780 (0.661, 0.921)

0.003*

0.564 (0.478, 0.667)

<0.001*

0.829 (0.786, 0.874)

<0.001*

DVI

PEF

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.892 (0.778, 1.023)

0.104

0.679 (0.593, 0.777)

<0.001*

0.502 (0.439, 0.574)

<0.001*

0.790 (0.757, 0.825)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

0.999 (0.867, 1.150)

0.988

0.846 (0.734, 0.975)

0.021*

0.718 (0.615, 0.837)

<0.001*

0.891 (0.849, 0.936)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

0.995 (0.863, 1.148)

0.948

0.825 (0.715, 0.952)

0.008*

0.697 (0.597, 0.813)

<0.001*

0.881 (0.839, 0.926)

<0.001*

PEF % predicted

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.739 (0.642, 0.850)

<0.001*

0.576 (0.502, 0.661)

<0.001*

0.394 (0.344, 0.452)

<0.001*

0.737 (0.706, 0.769)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

0.740 (0.641, 0.855)

<0.001*

0.605 (0.523, 0.700)

<0.001*

0.426 (0.365, 0.496)

<0.001*

0.759 (0.723, 0.797)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

0.715 (0.617, 0.828)

<0.001*

0.567 (0.490, 0.657)

<0.001*

0.422 (0.362, 0.491)

<0.001*

0.755 (0.719, 0.791)

<0.001*

NVI

PEF

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

1.026 (0.894, 1.179)

0.714

0.891 (0.777, 1.022)

0.100

0.634 (0.554, 0.725)

<0.001*

0.859 (0.822, 0.896)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

1.099 (0.954, 1.267)

0.190

1.025 (0.888, 1.184)

0.734

0.810 (0.694, 0.945)

0.007*

0.935 (0.890, 0.983)

0.008*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

1.104 (0.957, 1.274)

0.175

1.010 (0.874, 1.167)

0.896

0.779 (0.667, 0.909)

0.002*

0.922 (0.878, 0.969)

0.001*

PEF % predicted

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

1.093 (0.950, 1.258)

0.214

0.827 (0.721, 0.949)

0.007*

0.639 (0.558, 0.731)

<0.001*

0.848 (0.812, 0.885)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

1.084 (0.939, 1.253)

0.270

0.884 (0.764, 1.022)

0.096

0.709 (0.609, 0.825)

<0.001*

0.887 (0.844, 0.931)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

1.073 (0.927, 1.242)

0.348

0.834 (0.721, 0.965)

0.015*

0.680 (0.584, 0.790)

<0.001*

0.872 (0.831, 0.914)

<0.001*

HI

PEF

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.863 (0.758, 0.982)

0.026*

0.720 (0.632, 0.820)

<0.001*

0.606 (0.532, 0.690)

<0.001*

0.845 (0.811, 0.880)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

0.940 (0.822, 1.074)

0.363

0.857 (0.748, 0.983)

0.027*

0.777 (0.669, 0.903)

0.001*

0.919 (0.877, 0.964)

0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

0.946 (0.827, 1.084)

0.425

0.857 (0.746, 0.983)

0.028*

0.769 (0.662, 0.894)

0.001*

0.916 (0.873, 0.961)

<0.001*

PEF % predicted

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.778 (0.682, 0.887)

<0.001*

0.603 (0.529, 0.688)

<0.001*

0.462 (0.405, 0.527)

<0.001*

0.773 (0.742, 0.806)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

0.776 (0.677, 0.888)

<0.001*

0.624 (0.543, 0.717)

<0.001*

0.469 (0.405, 0.544)

<0.001*

0.780 (0.744, 0.818)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

0.795 (0.692, 0.913)

0.001*

0.623 (0.542, 0.717)

<0.001*

0.450 (0.388, 0.522)

<0.001*

0.770 (0.735, 0.806)

<0.001*

SSI

PEF

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.940 (0.779, 1.135)

0.520

0.834 (0.692, 1.004)

0.055

0.614 (0.512, 0.737)

<0.001*

0.853 (0.805, 0.904)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

1.006 (0.832, 1.218)

0.948

0.951 (0.783, 1.154)

0.608

0.763 (0.621, 0.938)

0.010*

0.920 (0.861, 0.983)

0.013*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

1.019 (0.837, 1.241)

0.850

0.937 (0.767, 1.144)

0.523

0.784 (0.632, 0.972)

0.026*

0.924 (0.862, 0.990)

0.024*

PEF % predicted

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

1.127 (0.930, 1.365)

0.222

0.801 (0.665, 0.966)

0.020*

0.655 (0.544, 0.788)

<0.001*

0.850 (0.801, 0.901)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

1.156 (0.951, 1.406)

0.146

0.868 (0.713, 1.057)

0.159

0.705 (0.571, 0.869)

0.001*

0.880 (0.822, 0.941)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

1.115 (0.913, 1.362)

0.285

0.888 (0.724, 1.089)

0.254

0.785 (0.629, 0.980)

0.033*

0.915 (0.853, 0.981)

0.013*

DSI

PEF

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.915 (0.760, 1.102)

0.348

0.677 (0.565, 0.812)

<0.001*

0.446 (0.375, 0.531)

<0.001*

0.758 (0.717, 0.802)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

1.066 (0.879, 1.292)

0.518

0.881 (0.728, 1.067)

0.194

0.669 (0.546, 0.819)

<0.001*

0.870 (0.815, 0.928)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

1.098 (0.901, 1.338)

0.356

0.905 (0.743, 1.102)

0.319

0.708 (0.574, 0.873)

0.001*

0.884 (0.826, 0.945)

<0.001*

PEF % predicted

 Mode 0

1.000 (reference)

0.771 (0.635, 0.935)

0.008*

0.566 (0.469, 0.682)

<0.001*

0.349 (0.291, 0.418)

<0.001*

0.702 (0.663, 0.744)

<0.001*

 Mode 1

1.000 (reference)

0.792 (0.649, 0.967)

0.022*

0.623 (0.512, 0.759)

<0.001*

0.386 (0.316, 0.472)

<0.001*

0.732 (0.686, 0.781)

<0.001*

 Mode 2

1.000 (reference)

0.806 (0.656, 0.990)

0.040

0.657 (0.536, 0.806)

<0.001*

0.458 (0.371, 0.565)

<0.001*

0.775 (0.725, 0.829)

<0.001*

  1. Model 0: Model 0: Unadjusted for any variables.
  2. Model 1: Adjusted for age, gender, alcohol consumption, smoking, marital status, education level, place of residence, and body mass index (BMI) Model 2: Further adjusted for hypertension, dyslipidemia, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, and diabetes, in addition to the adjustments in Model 1.
  3. PEF peak expiratory flow, VI visual impairment, DVI distance vision impairment, NVI near vision impairment, HI hearing impairment, Non-SI non-sensory impairment, SSI single sensory impairment, DSI dual sensory impairment.
  4. *p < 0.05.
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