Fig. 5: Grassland community shifts synthesized from both the observations and the experiment.
From: Rapid shifts in grassland communities driven by climate change
a, Community compositions at the 12 observational sites and the experimental site are described by the median CTI (°C) and CPI (mm), positioned in estimated species’ climatic niche centroids (median, grey). The inset rectangle shows the extent of b. b, Communities shift in a consistent direction in the climate space in the observations and experiment. For the observational sites, the arrows point from the start to the end of the sampling period; for the experiment site, the arrows point from ambient to warming treatments. The CTI–CPI extent is identical in c, whereas the inset rectangle shows the extent of d. c, Communities shift significantly in 8 of 12 observational sites. d, Communities shift significantly, primarily in the phase 3 warming of the experiment. In b–d, arrows are set to be semi-transparent for sites with non-significant linear temporal trends in either CTI or CPI and for phases with non-significant differences between the ambient and warming treatments in either CTI or CPI (two-sided t-test, P > 0.05). Refer to Figs. 1 and 2 for P values for each test.
