Extended Data Fig. 3: Derived allele frequency spectra, polymorphisms, substitutions, and substitution rates under various evolutionary models simulated, with conditions not considered in Fig. 2.

a–d, Allele frequency spectra (a), polymorphisms (b), substitutions (c), and Ω (d) under AdapTrack with a constant or fluctuating population size (indicated by “fluc”). e–h, Allele frequency spectra (e), polymorphisms (f), substitutions (g), and Ω (h) under AdapTrack with different fractions of neutral mutations that reflect different levels of gene importance. i–l, Allele frequency spectra (i), polymorphisms (j), substitutions (k), and Ω (l) under AdapTrack with different ranges of the probability that a sometimes-beneficial mutation can be beneficial in an environment. m–p, Allele frequency spectra (m), polymorphisms (n), substitutions (o), and Ω (p) under AdapTrack in which the magnitude of an environmental change that occurs every generation follows an exponential distribution (see Methods). The larger the mean of the exponential distribution, the greater the mean and variance of the magnitude of the environment changes. q–t, Allele frequency spectra (q), polymorphisms (r), substitutions (s), and Ω (t) under Neutral, Adaptive, and AdapTrack with or without dominance. With dominance (indicated by “dom”), the coefficient of dominance of a mutation in an environment is h = 0.75 if the mutation is beneficial in the environment, 0.50 if the mutation is neutral, and 0.25 if the mutation is deleterious. Without dominance, h = 0.50 regardless of the mutational fitness effect.