Extended Data Fig. 10: Phenotypic characterization of L-LEN-GPR50 signaling in mice in vivo.

Related to Fig. 6. (a, b) The metabolic recording of carbon dioxide production (VCO₂) in WT (a) and Gpr50-KO mice (b) before and after saline (S) or L-LEN (LL). Left, recording data for all periods (WT: n = 5/5 for S and LL; KO: n = 6/6 for S and LL). The grey rectangle indicates fasting and arrows indicate drug administration. Middle, average VCO₂ of all mice after third drug injection (WT: n = 12/15 for S and LL; KO: n = 10/9 for S and LL). Right, average VCO₂ between 2-3 h post third injection (p = 0.0039 for WT; p = 0.77 for 50 KO). (c, d) Same as (a, b), except the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) is quantified (p = 0.24 for WT; p = 0.14 for 50 KO). (e) The recording of body temperature (Tb) in fasted Gpr50-knockout mice with saline or L-LEN injected. The torpor episodes are labeled as shaded area. (f) The number (left) and duration (right) of torpor episodes in WT or Gpr50-KO mice injected with saline or L-LEN (number: n = 11/11 mice for S and LL in WT; p = 0.40; n = 6/6 mice for S and LL in KO; p = 0.46; p = 0.071 for WT-S and KO-S; duration: n = 8/14 episodes from 6/6 mice for S and LL in KO; p = 0.48). (g) The basal food intake (left), body weight (middle), and basal oxygen consumption (right) of WT and Gpr50-KO mice (n = 19-24 mice; p = 0.13 for food intake; p = 0.076 for body weight; p = 0.67 for VO₂). (h, i) Traces (left) and quantification (right) of locomotion of WT (h) or Gpr50-KO mice (i) with saline or L-LEN injected (n = 6 mice for WT; p = 0.32; n = 6 mice for KO; p = 0.61). (j) Schematic showing the blood hormone detection in WT mice at 1 h after saline or L-LEN injection. (k) Quantification of blood hormone level in WT mice injected with saline or L-LEN (n = 5 mice; p = 0.026 for TRH; p = 0.025 for TSH; p = 0.081 for CRH; p = 0.0072 for ACTH). Data are shown as the mean ± s.e.m. n.s. not significant; *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01. See Supplementary Table 1 for statistics.

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