Extended Data Fig. 3: InflaMix is a 2-cluster Gaussian mixture model of pre-CAR-T laboratory and cytokine measurements that jointly considers covariance across lab features and optimizes cluster separation and entropy.

(a) Integrated complete likelihood criteria of various Gaussian mixture models with varying numbers of clusters built from pre-CAR-T labs in the derivation cohort. Each 3-letter combination (for example, VVI) represents a different parameterization approach described in Scrucca et. al³⁰. InflaMix is a VVV model, which means that different means, variances, and covariances can be estimated for each multivariate mixture (cluster) distribution. b-g, Comparing lab measures between inflammatory (n = 39) and noninflammatory (n = 110) clusters in the derivation cohort. Inferences by FDR-corrected Wilcoxon tests for (b) IL-6, (c) CRP, (d) LDH, (e) Hgb, (f) WBC, and (g) Tbili. Boxplots depict the median bounded by the 1^st and 3^rd quartile values. Boxplot whiskers depict 1.5 times the IQR beyond the boxplot hinges. All tests were 2-sided with a significance level of 0.05. InflaMix cluster assignments viewed through AST and CRP dimensions in the derivation cohort when (h) all 14 lab features are used to generate the model and (i) lab features with lowest variable importance (WBC, Plt, Tbili) by random forest prediction of cluster assignment are removed from model generation. Hgb, hemoglobin; Plt, platelets; Tbili, total bilirubin.