Extended Data Fig. 7: Flow cytometry analysis of off-target transduction in patient peripheral blood at the peak of CAR-T expansion.

a-c, Representative dot plots from patients I001–I005 show CAR expression within CD3⁻ lymphocyte subsets (a), monocyte subsets (b) and neutrophil subsets (c) at the time of maximal CAR-T expansion. Across all patients, the frequency of CAR⁺ non-T cells remained below 1%, with CAR signal undetectable in most samples, indicating minimal off-target transduction. These data support the in vivo T-cell specificity of the ESO-T01 vector. Abbreviations: CAR, chimeric antigen receptor; CD3, cluster of differentiation 3; Lym, lymphocyte; Mon, monocyte; Neu, neutrophils.