Table 1 Results for the study’s demographic variables.

From: Political media use, civic knowledge, civic self-efficacy, and gender: measuring active citizenship in Turkey

Gender

Education level

 

Frequency

%

 

Frequency

%

Female

365

49.9

Illiterate

28

3.8

Male

364

49.8

Literate

35

4.8

No reply

2

0.03

Primary School

145

19.8

Political orientation

Secondary school

62

8.5

 

Frequency

%

High school

131

17.9

Rightist

310

42.4

University

192

26.3

Leftist

151

20.7

Graduate

20

2.7

None

249

34.1

University students

100

13.7

No reply

21

2.9

Graduate students

14

1.9

Monthly income

No reply

4

0.5

 

Frequency

%

Religiosity

Less than 500 TL

39

5.3

 

Frequency

%

501–1000

87

11.9

0

26

3.6

1001–2000

222

30.4

1

14

1.9

2001–3000

184

25.2

2

12

1.6

3001–4000

82

11.2

3

24

3.3

4001–5000

41

5.6

4

51

7.0

5001–7500

43

5.9

5

190

26.0

7501–10000

11

1.5

6

100

13.7

10000 and above

8

1.1

7

108

14.8

No reply

14

1.9

8

78

10.7

Age

9

39

5.3

 

Frequency

%

10

72

9.8

18–25

222

30.4

No reply

17

2.3

26–35

132

18.1

Mean

6.0434

 

36–45

148

20.2

Std. Deviation

2.37142

 

46–55

111

15.2

 

56–65

65

8.9

66- and above

41

5.6

No reply

12

1.6