Table 7 T test results for male and female participants in all variables.

From: Political media use, civic knowledge, civic self-efficacy, and gender: measuring active citizenship in Turkey

 

Gender

N

Mean

Std. deviation

Std. error mean

T value

Decision

H5a: Political media use

Male

364

2.0801

0.82214

0.04309

3.131*

Supported

Female

365

1.8881

0.83354

0.04363

H5b: Civic knowledge

Male

362

3.0355

0.83181

0.04372

4.495*

Supported

Female

365

2.7632

0.80091

0.04192

H5c: Participation

Male

349

1.7322

0.78830

0.04220

3.922*

Supported

Female

328

1.5056

0.70972

0.03919

H5d: Demonstration and protest

Male

362

1.7365

0.89700

0.04715

6.659*

Supported

Female

365

1.3614

0.59220

0.03100

H5e: Civic self-efficacy

Male

363

3.6540

0.85839

0.04505

2.552*

Supported

Female

365

3.4797

0.98009

0.05130

Back to article page