Table 2 Descriptive statistics of PM2.5 and depression among rural older adults.

From: Pollution, hazards, and health inequalities: a longitudinal exploration of the impact of PM2.5 on depression among rural older adults with different incomes in China

Variables

Overall sample (n = 1833)

Low-income (n = 550)

Medium-income (n = 733)

High-income (n = 550)

Income group differences

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

P

Kernel variables

PM2.5

T1

49.058

16.752

47.047

14.768

48.455

15.642

52.677

17.986

<0.001

T2

42.286

15.327

39.861

13.980

41.921

14.482

45.706

15.831

<0.001

T3

35.942

11.971

34.183

11.207

35.869

11.560

38.285

12.146

<0.001

Depression

T1

9.313

2.724

9.967

3.036

9.608

2.278

9.283

2.737

<0.001

T2

9.632

1.012

9.915

2.564

9.711

2.735

9.641

2.680

0.715

T3

10.000

0.955

9.972

2.681

10.004

2.826

9.951

2.744

0.507

Covariate

Gender

0.472

0.499

0.608

0.488

0.463

0.499

0.292

0.455

<0.001

Age

69.835

7.716

71.927

7.779

69.869

7.568

67.280

6.849

<0.001

Education

2.290

1.241

1.924

1.112

2.231

1.179

2.855

1.281

<0.001

Number of cohabitants

2.744

1.303

2.823

1.304

2.614

1.294

2.747

1.311

0.014

Per capita GDP (hundred yuan)

4.356

1.456

3.994

1.279

4.496

1.495

4.764

1.529

<0.001

Chronic diseases

0.791

0.507

0.852

0.356

0.810

0.393

0.705

0.457

 

Social participation

0.297

0.649

0.271

0.619

0.296

0.622

0.367

0.773

 

Social network

17.936

10.969

16.292

10.091

16.743

10.366

11.786

10.871

 
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