Table 4 MLE of the stochastic production frontier of IPV across Indian States and UTs.
Production Function: Cobb-Douglasa (Dependent variable: Reciprocal of IPV) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Coefficients | S.E | t-ratio | |
Constant | \({\beta }_{0}\) | −3.07 | 3.16 | −0.97 |
ln (Arrested) (x1) | \({\beta }_{1}\) | 1.259*** | 0.009 | −135.312 |
ln (Jails) (x2) | \({\beta }_{2}\) | 1.500*** | 0.007 | −204.648 |
ln (Jail Staff) (x3) | \({\beta }_{3}\) | −0.334*** | 0.009 | 36.565 |
ln (Police) (x4) | \({\beta }_{4}\) | 0.644*** | 0.013 | −48.329 |
ln (Police expenditures) (x5) | \({\beta }_{5}\) | −0.529*** | 0.003 | 209.914 |
ln (Police Station) (x6) | \({\beta }_{6}\) | −1.359*** | 0.011 | 128.746 |
ln (PNSDP) (x7) | \({\beta }_{7}\) | 0.161*** | 0.018 | −9.158 |
ln (Urban) (z1) | \({\delta }_{1}\) | 3.220*** | 1.343 | 2.398 |
ln (SR)(z2) | \({\delta }_{2}\) | −6.785*** | 0.303 | −22.397 |
ln (Poverty) (z3) | \({\delta }_{3}\) | 3.091*** | 1.275 | 2.425 |
ln (FWPR (z4) | \({\delta }_{4}\) | 1.481 | 1.692 | 0.875 |
ln (FLR) (z5) | \({\delta }_{5}\) | −3.367* | 2.024 | −1.664 |
ln(JPSS) (z6) | \({\delta }_{6}\) | −3.660*** | 1.311 | −2.792 |
ln(Female MPs) (z7) | \({\delta }_{7}\) | −0.638*** | 0.301 | −2.119 |
ln(Female MLAs) (z8) | \({\delta }_{8}\) | −3.149*** | 0.829 | −3.800 |
ln (WAI) (z9) | \({\delta }_{9}\) | −4.228*** | 1.903 | −2.221 |
ln (SC) (z10) | \({\delta }_{10}\) | −0.169 | 0.576 | −0.293 |
ln(ST) (z11) | \({\delta }_{11}\) | −1.160 | 0.781 | −1.485 |
\({\hat{\sigma }}_{s}^{2}\) | 4.146*** | 0.998 | 4.155 | |
γ | 3.048*** | 1.166 | 2.614 | |
μ | 0.45*** | 0.16 | 2.89 | |
Log (likelihood) | −15.439 | |||
LR test (one-sided error) | 41.409 | \(\Pr ob \,>\, {\chi }^{2}\) | 0.004 | |
