Table 2 Summary results of dependent variables’ normality tests.

From: A brief virtual reality-based mindfulness intervention can improve olfactory perception while reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in university students

Normality tests

Shapiro–Wilk test

Skewness

Kurtosis

(T1, T2, T3)

(p-values)

(Absolute values)

(Absolute values)

Olfactory sensation

0.030, 0.011, -

0.406, 0.871, -

0.683, 1.646, -

Trait mindfulness

0.497, 0.834, 0.956

0.126, 0.134, 0.027

0.042, 0.074, 0.451

Depression

0.149, 0.001, 0.000

0.392, 0.908, 1.002

0.495, 0.116, 0.110

Anxiety

0.000, 0.000, 0.000

1.070, 1.280, 1.710

0.589, 0.827, 3.311

Rumination

0.858, 0.038, 0.147

0.084, 0.308, 0.084

0.298, 0.460, 0.657

Sensory imagery

0.523, 0.306, 0.108

0.260, 0.482, 0.584

0.487, 0.092, 0.023

Hedonic capacity

0.755, 0.198, 0.154

0.108, 0.521, 0.566

0.532, 0.019, 0.249

  1. Hedonic capacity: hedonic capacity for smell and taste pleasure. The olfactory sensation was not measured at T3.
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