Table 6 Robustness tests: instrumental variable test I.
From: ESG and green innovation: nonlinear moderation of public attention
VARS | One lag period for ESG | Area affected by natural disasters | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
ESG | 0.0951*** | 0.0359*** | 0.3370*** | 0.425*** | 3.673 | 1.206** |
(0.0149) | (0.0076) | (0.1276) | (0.105) | (2.299) | (0.506) | |
Public | 0. 0259 | 0.0264 | 3.225 | 0.423** | ||
(0. 0519) | (0.0548) | (2.015) | (0.208) | |||
ESGPublic | 0. 0092 | 0.0928*** | −0.724 | 0.409** | ||
(0. 0120) | (0.0353) | (0.462) | (0.170) | |||
ESGPublic2 | −0.0109*** | −0.0353*** | ||||
(0.0035) | (0.0134) | |||||
Constant | −3.469*** | −3.440*** | −3.397*** | −3.405*** | −18.81* | −5.516*** |
(0.404) | (0.4558) | (0.481) | (0.444) | (9.802) | (1.181) | |
Observations | 2349 | 2349 | 2349 | 2666 | 2666 | 2666 |
R-squared | 0.242 | 0.255 | 0.171 | −0.077 | −1.011 | 0.214 |
Controls | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Ind | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
IV1 | 0.7703*** | 0.7686*** | 0.7287*** | −0.0016*** | −0.0001*** | −0.0003*** |
(0.0132) | (0.0673) | (0.1020) | (0.0002) | (0.00005) | (0.00003) | |
