Table 2 Pandemic stage division.

From: COVID-19 pandemic and road infrastructure exerted stage-dependent spatiotemporal influences on inter-city road travel in China

Stage

First Wave

Under Control

Periods

2020/1/20–2020/4/28

2020/4/29–2021/5/20

Case variation

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Spatial feature

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Typical city

Wuhan had the highest number of new cases during this stage, and other cities in Hubei Province as well as cities in neighboring provinces, were also affected.

Sporadic outbreaks have occurred in major cities such as Shanghai, Shijiazhuang, Guangzhou, and Beijing, as well as in some border cities, with some randomization.

Stage

Delta

Omicron

Periods

2021/5/21–2021/12/15

2021/12/16–2022/12/06

Case variation

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Spatial feature

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Typical city

The first case of Delta strain was found in Guangzhou, while more new cases were reported in Shanghai. Overall, cases have not yet increased significantly.

The first case of Omicron strain appeared in Tianjin, with outbreaks of cases growing in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Changchun, Beijing and Jilin, and significantly increased in other major cities.