Table 3 Factors shaping translation policy.

From: Translation policies in the Republic of China (1912–1949): a comparative study of governmental, semi-governmental, and non-governmental translating institutions

Translation management

Translation practice

Translation beliefs

Initiator

Patronage

Organization (the way in which translation is prepared, arranged and done)

Translator (recruitment, assessment, and training)

Translation projects

Text selection

Languages involved

Direction of translation

Translation process (when, where, and how to translate)

Translation intention

Translation ideology

Translation value (the degree to which translation is useful or important)