Table 5 Decomposition of the spatial effect by SDM.

From: Underestimated impacts: the multi-dimensional roles of land finance in driving regional economic integration

 

Direct effects

Indirect effects

Total effects

2002–2003

   

LF

0.001

(0.00)

−0.160

(0.11)

−0.160

(0.11)

LTM

0.002

(0.00)

0.136

(0.15)

0.139

(0.15)

LIM

−0.014***

(0.00)

−0.055

(0.07)

−0.070

(0.07)

N

216

216

216

2004–2014

   

LF

−0.027***

(0.00)

−0.033**

(0.02)

−0.060***

(0.02)

LTM

−0.021

(0.03)

0.993***

(0.18)

0.971***

(0.18)

LIM

0.688

(0.90)

−4.214**

(1.85)

−3.526**

(2.12)

N

1188

1188

1188

2015–2020

   

LF

0.664***

(0.22)

0.469**

(0.23)

1.133*

(0.59)

LTM

0.013

(0.01)

−0.324*

(0.18)

−0.311*

(0.18)

LIM

0.003

(0.10)

−0.029

(0.07)

−0.026

(0.07)

N

648

648

648

  1. *, ** and *** denote p-values less than 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01, respectively.
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