Table 1 Variable description and coding.
Variables | Descriptions | Codes | Type | Minimal | Highest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | |||||
Under 5 Mortality | Whether the newborn died before the fifth birthday | 0 = No, 1 = Yes | Time-to-Event | 0 | 1 |
Independent variable | |||||
Healthcare providers (ANC providers) | Healthcare provider: e.g., doctor, nurse, pharm/chemist, traditional, etc. | 0 = No/Non-professional 1 = Health professional | Binary | 0 | 1 |
Mediator variable | |||||
Environmental hygiene | Index score based on the water source, toilet, and cooking fuel. | Continuous | −4.07 | 1.25 | |
Moderator variable | |||||
Mothers’ education (in years) | Cumulative years | Continuous | 1 | 16 | |
Covariates at the domestic level | |||||
Child sex | The lastborn child’s sex is in question | 0 = Male, 1 = Female | Binary | 0 | 1 |
Birthweight | Reported weight at birth | 1 = Small, 2 = Average, 3 = Large | Ordinal | 1 | 3 |
Mothers’ age (in years) | A woman’s age in years | Continuous | 15 | 49 | |
Parity | Number of previous births | Continuous | 0 | 14 | |
Employment status | Whether the respondent was employed in the previous year | 0 = No, 1 = Yes | Binary | 0 | 1 |
FEM per week | Weekly media interaction (television, radio, or newspaper) | 0 = None, 1 = less than one week, 3 = at least once a week | Categorical | 1 | 3 |
School of husband | Cumulative years | Continuous | 0 | 16 | |
Household wealth | Household assets determine the wealth index | Index score | Continuous | −1.99 | 2.30 |
Health facility remoteness | Access to a medical facility | 0 = Problem, 1 = Not a problem | Binary | 0 | 1 |
Covariates at the communal level | |||||
Residential | Place of residency | 1 = Urban, 2 = Rural | Binary | 1 | 2 |
Provinces | Geopolitical region of residence | Islamabad, Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Baluchistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, FATA | Multinominal | 1 | 8 |
