Table 3 Skewness and excess kurtosis of education variables.

From: Asymmetric impacts of artificial intelligence on housing price valuation across education levels

 

Busan

Daegu

Daejeon

Gwangju

Panel A: Univ. grad.

Skewness

\({0.733}{(62.197^{\ddagger})}\)

\({-0.415}{({-38.787}^{\ddagger})}\)

\({0.616}{(36.225^{\ddagger})}\)

\({0.283}{(23.877^{\ddagger})}\)

Excess kurtosis

\({0.692}(24.577^{\ddagger})\)

\({0.477}(18.841^{\ddagger})\)

\({1.277}{(25.602^{\ddagger})}\)

\({0.611}{(20.327^{\ddagger})}\)

Panel B: Top school

Skewness

\({-0.276}{({-25.578}^{\ddagger})}\)

\({0.442}{(41.107^{\ddagger})}\)

\({0.347}{(21.495^{\ddagger})}\)

\({-0.331}{({-27.699}^{\ddagger})}\)

Excess kurtosis

\({-1.011}({-114.128}^{\ddagger})\)

\({-0.909}{({-90.241}^{\ddagger})}\)

\({-1.000}{({-74.768}^{\ddagger})}\)

\({-07.88}{({-59.662}^{\ddagger})}\)

  1. \(\ddagger\) indicates significance at the 1% level. Each test’s null hypothesis is that the given value is drawn from a normal distribution (Shi et al., 2023; Shaik and Gulhane, 2023). The test statistics are represented in parentheses.