Table 3 Trustor/Educator trust factors descriptions, counts, and references.
Category | Trust factors | Description | Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Trustor (Educator) | Demographics | Captures information about age, gender, teaching experience, role, etc. | 5 | (Brandhofer & Tengler, 2024; Cabero-Almenara et al., 2024; Chan & Lee 2023; Kamoun et al., 2024; Kaplan et al., 2021) |
Familiarity | Refers to educators’ knowledge and prior interactive experience with GenAI. | 9 | (Bhaskar et al., 2024; Brandhofer & Tengler, 2024; Bannister et al., 2024; Cambra-Fierro et al., 2024; Chan & Lee 2023; Chatterjee & Bhattacharjee, 2020; Kelly et al., 2023; Wang et al., 2021; Yusuf et al., 2024) | |
Self-efficacy | Refers to educators’ confidence in their ability to effectively use GenAI. | 7 | (Bhat et al., 2024; Bhaskar & Rana, 2024; Choi et al., 2023; Jain & Raghuram, 2024; Lee et al., 2024; Ofosu-Ampong, 2024; Wang et al., 2021) | |
Sense of control (human in the loop) | Represents educators’ perception of their ability to monitor and influence AI decision-making processes. | 8 | (Brandhofer & Tengler, 2024; Herdiani et al., 2024; Hyun Baek & Kim, 2023; Kelly et al., 2023; Kurtz et al., 2024; Ofosu-Ampong, 2024; Salah 2024) | |
Hedonic motivation (UTAUT) | Refers to educators’ views of how much fun and pleasure they get from using ChatGPT. | 6 | (Baig & Yadegaridehkordi, 2024; Bhat et al., 2024; Cabero-Almenara et al., 2024; Espartinez, 2024; Hyun Baek & Kim, 2023; Kelly et al., 2023) | |
Emotional experience | Refers to the sense of security and comfort educators feel when relying on AI, often described as emotional trust. | 7 | (Bhaskar et al., 2024; Cambra-Fierro et al., 2024; Chan & Lee 2023; Fütterer et al., 2023; Hyun Baek & Kim, 2023; Kamoun et al., 2024; Mamo et al., 2024) | |
Trust propensity | Refers to educators’ inclination to trust, applicable to both people and technology. | 8 | (Bhat et al., 2024; Bhaskar et al., 2024; Brandhofer & Tengler, 2024; Herdiani et al., 2024; Jain & Raghuram, 2024; Kaplan et al., 2021; Salah 2024; Wölfel et al., 2023) | |
Pedagogical beliefs | Indicate teachers’ complex beliefs about teaching and learning, affecting their behaviour in the classroom. | 5 | (Cabero-Almenara et al., 2024; Choi et al., 2023; Espartinez, 2024; Hall, 2024; Ofosu-Ampong, 2024) | |
Pedagogical knowledge (TPACK) | Refers to fundamental pedagogical knowledge required to teach as described in the TPACK framework. | 5 | (Jain & Raghuram, 2024; Kamoun et al., 2024; Lee et al., 2024; Mishra et al., 2024; Wang et al., 2024) |
