Table 4 Independent-samples t-test analysis of VR vs. traditional teaching.
Evaluation item | Group A (Mean ± SD) | Group B (Mean ± SD) | Cohen’s d | 95% CI | N | t-value | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Learning effectiveness(LE) | 83.57 ± 2.40 | 90.33 ± 2.01 | 3.25 | [4.89, 8.63] | 120 | 7.48 | ***p < 0.001 |
Ease of use & tool experience(EUTE) | 82.82 ± 1.87 | 87.88 ± 1.49 | 3.00 | [3.63, 6.49] | 120 | 7.32 | ***p < 0.001 |
Engagement & involvement(EI) | 82.61 ± 2.52 | 89.63 ± 2.72 | 2.68 | [4.81, 9.24] | 120 | 4.54 | ***p < 0.001 |
Continuance intention(CI) | 84.29 ± 3.27 | 89.33 ± 1.46 | 1.99 | [2.84, 7.23] | 120 | 4.87 | ***p < 0.001 |
