Table 1 Outcome variables and References.
Indicator | Variables | Variable Description | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
Drive | Agricultural output value | Agricultural output value/Number of rural population (RMB/person) | (Yang, Zhang et al. 2023) |
Rural household per capita disposable income | Direct data (RMB/person) | (Meuwissen, Feindt et al. 2019) | |
Agricultural industrial structure | Agricultural output /Agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery output (%) | (Boehlje 1999) | |
Grain yield | Grain yield/total population (kg/per capita) | (Tittonell 2020) | |
Pressure | Aging population | Population aged 65 and above in rural areas/Population in rural areas (%) | (Ren, Zhou et al. 2023) |
Disaster rate | Crop disaster area/Affected area of crops (%) | (Guan, Zang et al. 2021) | |
Pesticide use | Pesticide use/Cropped Area(tons/Hectare) | (Egeru, Bbosa et al. 2022) | |
Fertilizer use | Pure quantity of Agricultural fertilizer/Cropped Area(kg/hectare) | (Meuwissen, Feindt et al. 2019) (Cao, Guo et al. 2022) | |
Agricultural plastic film usage | Agricultural Plastic Film Usage /Cropped Area(tons/Hectare) | (Liu, He et al. 2014) | |
Diesel use | Diesel use /Cropped Area(ton/Hectare) | (Govaerts, Verhulst et al. 2009) | |
Water use | Water consumption /Cropped Area (cubic meter/Hectare) | (Adonadaga, Ampadu et al. 2022) | |
State | Agricultural industry | Added value of primary industry/GDP (%) | (Wang, Qiao et al. 2020) |
Engel coefficient for rural residents | Direct data(%) | (Tao, Ma et al. 2023) | |
Rural population aged 15–64 | Rural population aged 15–64/Population in rural areas (%) | (Ren, Zhou et al. 2023) | |
Impact | Agricultural carbon emissions | Estimated by formula (tons/RMB) | (Ma, Long et al. 2021) |
Agricultural non-point source pollution | Estimated by formula (tons/RMB) | (Liu, Wang et al. 2022) | |
Rural employment | Employment in the primary industry/Total number of employed people (%) | (Yu, Fennell et al. 2022) | |
Per capita living expenses in rural areas | Direct data (RMB) | (Zhao and Zhao 2024) | |
Area of soil erosion control | Direct data (Hectare) | (Laflen, Lal et al. 2020) | |
Response | Agricultural machinery power | Total Agricultural Machinery Power/Cropped Area (KW/Hectare) | (Meuwissen, Feindt et al. 2019) |
Effective irrigation area rate | Effective Irrigation Area/Cropped Area (%) | (Peshin, Hansra et al. 2020) | |
Agricultural research expenditure | Estimated by formula (ten thousand RMB) | (Jambo and Traub 2023) | |
Agricultural technological | Agricultural patents(www.cnki.net) | (Zhang and Shang 2023) | |
Investment in agricultural fixed assets | The proportion of fixed asset investment in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery to total rural fixed asset investment (%). | (Ye, Zou et al. 2022) |
