Table 3 Eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix.

From: Understanding social insurance contribution evasion through evolutionary game theory: insights from China

Equilibrium point

Eigenvalue \({\lambda }_{1}\)

Eigenvalue \({\lambda }_{2}\)

Eigenvalue \({\lambda }_{3}\)

\({E}_{1}(0,0,0)\)

\({B}_{G}+{C}_{GL}-{C}_{GS}+{P}_{G}+{P}_{F}\)

\({R}_{FC}-{R}_{FE}-(1-\eta )S\)

\({B}_{E}-{C}_{EJ}\)

\({E}_{2}(1,0,0)\)

\(-({B}_{G}+{C}_{GL}-{C}_{GS}+{P}_{G}+{P}_{F})\)

\({R}_{FC}-{R}_{FE}-(1-\eta )S+{P}_{F}\)

\({B}_{E}-{C}_{EJ}\)

\({E}_{3}(0,1,0)\)

\({B}_{G}+{C}_{GL}-{C}_{GS}\)

\(-[{R}_{FC}-{R}_{FE}-(1-\eta )S]\)

\({P}_{E}-{C}_{ER}\)

\({E}_{4}(0,0,1)\)

\({B}_{G}+{C}_{GL}-{C}_{GS}+{P}_{G}\)

\((1+\alpha ){R}_{FC}-{R}_{FE}-(1-\eta )S+{P}_{F}\)

\({C}_{EJ}-{B}_{E}\)

\({E}_{5}(1,1,0)\)

\(-({B}_{G}+{C}_{GL}-{C}_{GS})\)

\(-[{R}_{FC}-{R}_{FE}-(1-\eta )S+{P}_{F}]\)

\({P}_{E}-{C}_{ER}\)

\({E}_{6}(0,1,1)\)

\({B}_{G}+{C}_{GL}-{C}_{GS}\)

\(-[(1+\alpha ){R}_{FC}-{R}_{FE}-(1-\eta )S+{P}_{F}]\)

\({C}_{ER}-{P}_{E}\)

\({E}_{7}(1,0,1)\)

\(-({B}_{G}+{C}_{GL}-{C}_{GS}+{P}_{G})\)

\((1+\alpha ){R}_{FC}-{R}_{FE}-(1-\eta )S+{P}_{F}\)

\({C}_{EJ}-{B}_{E}\)

\({E}_{8}(1,1,1)\)

\(-({B}_{G}+{C}_{GL}-{C}_{GS})\)

\(-[(1+\alpha ){R}_{FC}-{R}_{FE}-(1-\eta )S+{P}_{F}]\)

\({C}_{ER}-{P}_{E}\)