Table 5 Correlation among continuous variables (i.e., english proficiency level, improved writing outcome, perceived usefulness, writing anxiety).

From: AI chatbots in L2 writing: anxiety, usefulness, and writing outcome

Variables

1

2

3

4

5

6

English proficiency level

1

     

Improved writing outcome

−0.09

1

    

Perceived usefulness

−0.16**

0.82***

1

   

Writing anxiety

−0.25***

0.25***

0.36***

1

  
  1. ** = 0.001, *** < 0.001
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