Table 11 Sobel Z tests for innovation outputs.
Model/Dependent variable | ESGP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Estimates | Sobel | Aroian | Goodman |
Indirect effect | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 |
Std. Err. | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.007 |
z-value | 2.310 | 2.265 | 2.358 |
p-value | 0.02 | 0.024 | 0.018 |
Indirect effect/Total effect | 0.015/0.094 = 0.160 | ||
Indirect /Direct effect | 0.015/ 0.079 = 0.190 | ||
Baron and Kenny’s approach | The mediation is partial. | ||
Zhao, Lynch, and Chen’s approach | Complementary Partial mediation | ||
