Extended Data Fig. 3: The KEGG enrichment results revealed that the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in βOHB-treated P. falciparum 3D7 parasites at the trophozoite stage was substantially downregulated.
a, Heatmap of differential metabolites in RBCs and P. berghei ANKA iRBCs under different treatment conditions. In healthy mice, feeding with a ketogenic diet (KD) resulted in a significant down-regulation only in the level of L-citrulline (CON vs KD). In iRBCs, the L-citrulline content was significantly reduced, but it increased upon KD feeding. b, Only glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway was significantly inhibited in uninfected human RBCs after βOHB treatment. Bubbles on the left side of zero indicate downregulated pathways, and bubbles on the right side of zero indicate upregulated pathways. c, KEGG enrichment results for trophozoite-stage P. falciparum 3D7 parasites. Bubbles on the left side of zero indicate downregulated pathways, and bubbles on the right side of zero indicate upregulated pathways. P values are from unpaired two-tailed t-tests with unequal variances (Welch’s t-test) adjusted using the Benjamini-Hochberg. For enrichment analysis, hypergeometric tests were conducted followed by Bonferroni correction (b and c).
