Fig. 4: Metabolic model supporting the mode of action of the three NAD+ precursors in increasing NAD+ levels after oral administration. | Nature Metabolism

Fig. 4: Metabolic model supporting the mode of action of the three NAD+ precursors in increasing NAD+ levels after oral administration.

From: The differential impact of three different NAD+ boosters on circulatory NAD and microbial metabolism in humans

Fig. 4

NR and NMN elevate circulatory NAD+ levels via the Preiss–Handler pathway, while rapidly absorbed Nam acutely affects NAD+ via the salvage pathway. Bold arrow, high fast activity; intermediary arrow, intermediary sustainable activity; dashed arrow, low activity; blue bacteria in white rectangle, gut microbiota. WB, whole blood. Figure created using https://BioRender.com.

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