Fig. 9: The data model (spatio-temporal cube) for assessing the co-evolution of vulnerability and resilience in urban areas over time and space. | npj Urban Sustainability

Fig. 9: The data model (spatio-temporal cube) for assessing the co-evolution of vulnerability and resilience in urban areas over time and space.

From: Urban heatwaves reverse vulnerability-resilience relationships throughout the day

Fig. 9

Each grid cell depicts a specific area in a city with a unique urban and social fabric, while the stacked surfaces correspond to different time intervals. Colours indicate the bi-variate relationships between resilience and vulnerability, capturing both static and dynamic aspects influenced by adaptive behaviours and environmental change.

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