Extended Data Fig. 4: Cis-instrument Mendelian randomization analysis of 68 circulating proteins.

Data presented are MR effect estimates (betas) for the inverse variance weighted (IVW) MR method and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The impact of 68 circulating proteins on mvAge (N = 1,958,774) was analyzed using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data derived from 30,391 participants of European ancestry in the SCALLOP Consortia dataset (http://www.olink-improve.com/). We used pQTLs associated with the respective plasma protein at P-value < 5 × 10−8 within or near the cis-acting locus of the target gene boundary, that is, 100 kilobases on either side of the respective gene boundary. Extracted SNPs were clumped at the LD R2 ≤ 0.2 threshold (250 kb) using the 1000 Genomes Phase 3 European reference population and MR IVW (random-effects analysis when there were more than three variants) and MR Egger implemented accounting for correlation between the instrument variants. MR, Mendelian randomization.