Fig. 5: Age acceleration in males, severe COVID-19 cases and smokers is the result of nonstochastic processes.
From: Quantifying the stochastic component of epigenetic aging
a, Violin plots for EAA and IAA (adjusted for 12 immune cell type fractions) for Zhang, Horvath and PhenoAge clocks, as well as their stochastic analogs. The P values derive from two-tailed Wilcoxon rank sum tests correlating the age acceleration measures to sex (male (M) and female (F)). Data are displayed for the TZH cohort but results are similar for all other cohorts. The number of samples in each violin plot is given below the violin. b, As in a, but evaluated in the DNAm dataset of Barturen et al., with EAA/IAA being correlated to COVID-19 disease severity, as indicated. c, As in a, but evaluated in the DNAm dataset of Tsaprouni et al., with EAA/IAA being correlated to smoking status. The P values derive from a linear regression test, with smoking status an ordinal variable (never smoker 0, ex-smoker 1 and smoker 2). Created with Biorender.com.
