Extended Data Fig. 3: The distribution of hUSI across diverse datasets.
a. Scatter plot showing the significance of Spearman correlation between hUSI scores and the ages of GTEx samples. Each point represents a different method, with the top five correlated methods labeled. P-values were calculated using cor.test function. b. Box plot of hUSI levels in GTEx samples stratified across various tissues by age groups (n = 17382 samples; 5345 donors aged 20 to 49 and 12037 donors aged 50 to 70). Asterisks denote significance levels, (two-tailed t-test). c. t-SNE distribution of bulk samples from donors aged from 1 to 96 years, which were clustered into two age groups (left panel). The middle panel shows hUSI values for each sample in UAMP, while the right panel shows the comparison of hUSI levels between the two age groups (n = 143 samples; 83 donors aged 1 to 50 and 60 donors aged 51 to 96; two-tailed Wilcoxon test). d. Scatter plot showing the Spearman correlation between hUSI scores and age in the human skin dataset. e. Cell distribution in the Teo2019 dataset. The left panel shows the t-SNE distribution of different cell groups, and the right panel displays hUSI values for each cell. f. Cell distribution in the human pancreas dataset. g-k. Five single-cell RNA-seq datasets included for benchmarking (the number of cells for each dataset is provided in Supplementary Data 3). The left panel shows the t-SNE distributions of different cell groups, the middle panel displays hUSI values for each cell, and the right panel presents the comparison of hUSI levels across different groups (two-tailed Wilcoxon test). l. The t-SNE distribution of cells at different immortalization stages (hTERT_2 and hTERT_7) and passage stages (PDL_25, PDL_29, PDL_33, PDL_37, PDL_46, and PDL_50). The boxplots in the upper panels (b-c, g-k) represents the interquartile range (IQR), with its lower and upper edges indicating the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The medium value (50th percentile) is shown within the box, and the whiskers extend to the minimum and maximum values within 1.5 times the IQR of the quartiles. For all statistics, * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01 and *** denotes p < 1e-3; The exact p values are reported in Source Data for Extended Data Fig. 3.
