Extended Data Fig. 8: Cross-sectional frailty and health associations with DunedinPACNI, hippocampal volume, and ventricular volume in the UK Biobank.

a. Forest plot of associations between frailty and health measures and DunedinPACNI and hippocampal volume. Effects are presented as standardized beta coefficients with error bars as 95% confidence intervals. Note that we flipped the direction of hippocampal associations to match the direction of DunedinPACNI. b. Forest plot of associations between frailty and health measures and DunedinPACNI and ventricle volume. Effects are presented as standardized beta coefficients with error bars as 95% confidence intervals. Lighter shades represent the effect size for each measure while controlling for the other measure (that is, effect of DunedinPACNI when controlling for hippocampal or ventricular volume, and vice versa). Exact sample sizes for each test are presented in Supplementary Table 12, 13). Abbreviations: Hipp. = hippocampus, Vent. = ventricle, vol. = volume.