Fig. 7: Comparison of DunedinPACNI and brain age gap associations with aging-related phenotypes.
a, Forest plots of DunedinPACNI and brain age gap absolute effect sizes in ADNI (left) and UKB (right). Effects are presented as standardized β coefficients with the error bars as the 95% CIs. Note that for visualization, the signs of some outcomes were flipped, such that higher scores for all outcomes reflected worse performance or health. Raw effect sizes are presented in Supplementary Tables 2, 3, 7 and 9. b, Forest plots of DunedinPACNI and brain age gap HRs in ADNI and UKB. Effects are presented as HRs with the error bars as the 95% CIs. a,b, Exact sample sizes for each test are reported in Supplementary Tables 2, 3 and 7–9). Lighter shades represent the effect size for each measure while controlling for the other measure (that is, the effect of DunedinPACNI when controlling for brain age gap and vice versa). ADAS-Cog, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale 13; DSST, Digit Symbol Substitution Task; FAQ, Functional Activities Questionnaire; LogMemory, Logical Memory test; Matrix, Matrix Pattern Completion; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; RAVLT, Rey Auditory Visual Learning Test; Tower, Tower Rearranging; TrailsA, Trail Making Test Part A; TrailsB, Trail Making Test Part B; VM, visual memory; WM, working memory.
