Extended Data Fig. 7: EVsABPCs rescue multiple age-associated phenotypes in aged female mice.
a, Representative Micro-CT reconstruction images of femurs with different EVs treatment from female mice. Scale bar, 1,500 μm (left) or 300 μm (right). b, Quantitative analysis of trabecular bone from different groups, including BMD, BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, SMI, and Tb.Sp (n = 8). c,d, Representative images of the mechanical strength of femurs in female mice (c). Quantitative analysis of the maximum load, yield load, and Young’s modulus (n = 8) (d). e,f, Representative images (e) and quantitative analysis (f) of MAR and BFR/BS in female mice from different groups (n = 8). Scale bar, 50 μm. g, The serum concentration of OCN and P1NP in female mice from different groups (n = 8). h, Quantification of the changes in motor coordination (left) and fatigue resistance (right) tests in female mice (n = 8). i, The serum concentration of inflammatory factors (IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF) levels with EVs treatment (n = 8). j, Representative SA-β-gal staining and quantification for SA-β-Gal activity in liver, kidney, skin, and brain (from top to bottom) of aged female mice with EVs treatment (n = 8). Scale bar, 50 μm (liver, skin, and brain) or 200 μm (kidney). k, Spatial working memory was assessed using the Y maze as the discrimination index for the novel arm (n = 8). l, Object recognition memory was assessed by NOR as the percentage of time exploring the novel object (n = 8). m, Anxiety-like behavior was assessed by EPM as the percentage of open arm (n = 8). Statistical significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test (b, d, and f–m). Data are presented as mean ± s.d. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001.
