Extended Data Fig. 8: EVsABPCs ameliorate bone loss and improved locomotor functions in aged rhesus macaques.
a, Representative three-dimensional CT reconstructed images of cortical bone, with regions of interest colored in purple. Scale bar, 2,500 μm. b, Quantitative analysis of cortical bone in aged rhesus macaques following EVs treatments, including Ct.V, Ct.Th, Ct.Ar, and Tt.Ar (n = 3). c–f, Quantification of exercise model, including steps per minute (c), as well as sleep model, including total sleep time (d), wake after sleep onset (e), and number of awakenings (f) in aged rhesus macaques treated with EVs during the noninvasive monitor neck collar test. Data was collected daily over a consecutive 7-day recording period (n = 3). Statistical significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test (b, c, and f), or nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test (d and e). Data were presented as mean ± s.d. ***P < 0.001.
